Springtime: How Seasonal Changes Can Impact Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s

Understand how seasonal changes in spring can affect individuals with neurodegenerative diseases—and how to stay safe and engaged.

Jessica Tate, MD

As the days grow longer and flowers begin to bloom, spring offers a welcome change for many. But for individuals living with neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA), and others these seasonal shifts can bring new challenges and opportunities. Here’s what to keep in mind as you and your loved ones navigate the spring season.

Changes in Daylight and Routine

With more sunlight and shifts in daily routines, many people with neurodegenerative conditions experience changes to their circadian rhythms—the body’s internal clock that regulates sleep, mood, and cognitive functioning.

• Alzheimer’s disease: Changes in daylight and disruptions to regular routines can make symptoms worse. It’s important to keep sleep and wake times consistent and support calming evening habits to ease transitions.

• Parkinson’s disease: Some individuals experience increased depressive symptoms or mood swings during seasonal transitions. Keep routines stable, encourage regular physical activity, and try to spend time outdoors to help improve mood and regulate sleep cycles.

Seasonal Allergies and Medication Safety

Spring can also mean sneezing, runny noses, and itchy eyes. But not all allergy medications are safe for individuals with Parkinson’s or Alzheimers

• For Parkinson’s—some medications may interact with PD medications or worsen symptoms like confusion or sleepiness. Always consult with your doctor or neurologist before starting any new medication, including over-the-counter allergy meds.
• For Alzheimer's and related dementias – those who have seasonal allergies should check with your medical provider about which allergy medications you should take as some may worsen confusion and memory.

Staying Safe in Warmer Weather

Warmer temperatures can increase the risk of dehydration, especially for individuals with PD, who may have trouble sweating or managing heat. Dehydration can worsen a common PD symptom, orthostatic hypotension, or a drop in blood pressure when standing up, which can cause dizziness or fainting.

To help prevent these issues:

• Drink water throughout the day
• If you've been seated for a long period of time, pump and stretch your calf muscles before standing
• Stand up slowly and with support
• Take breaks when doing outdoor activities like gardening or walking

Simple changes, like increasing fluid intake and pacing activities, can make a big difference in safety and comfort.

Spring Activities that Engage the Body and Mind

Spring also brings plenty of meaningful, joyful opportunities for connection and stimulation. Spending time in nature has been shown to boost mood, reduce anxiety, and support overall well-being. Here are a few ideas:

• Gardening: Light gardening is a great way to get outside, enjoy sensory stimulation, and stay active. Just be cautious of posture changes that can lead to dizziness.
• Nature walks: Fresh air, gentle movement, and natural beauty offer physical and mental benefits. Be sure to walk on even surfaces with appropriate footwear.
• Creative projects: Individuals with Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA) may benefit from non-verbal activities like art projects using leaves or flowers, photography walks, or collage-making. These can also be used to support communication using visuals and simple language prompts.

Spring can be both invigorating and overwhelming. With a few precautions—and the right support—this season can bring not only improved wellness but new ways to connect and engage.